RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Diet and lifestyle are important factors in improving cardiovascular health and preventing chronic diseases. OBJECTIVES: Assessment of changes brought about in cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) after inclusion in a nutritional program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intervention, nonrandomized prospective cohort study carried out at Huelva prison in a one year period. Information about quarterly and bi-annual anthropometric and blood biochemical variables was obtained to assess changes in diet. A descriptive analysis with LC 95% and pre-post study was also completed, using T-Student quantitative variables and Wilcoxon test averages. Qualitative testing was performed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 139 subjects, 44 patients were lost in the follow-up study and 95 completed the program. Diet modification took place in 86.3% of the cases. We obtained significant improvements in weight, body mass, fat mass, abdominal perimeter and diastolic blood pressure rate index variables (Table 3). We see a reduction in high and low CVR vs. medium CVR according to features of Framingham and REGICOR (without significance), remaining stable in the SCORE model (Table 4). CONCLUSIONS: Health education and proper diet improved anthropometric and biochemical parameters in these patients. This may imply a new tool in the health care repertoire that can be applied to other centres.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Dietoterapia , Prisioneiros , Glicemia/metabolismo , Pressão Sanguínea , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Colesterol/sangue , Feminino , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/prevenção & controle , Avaliação Nutricional , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Redução de PesoRESUMO
Fundamento: Es fundamental una alimentación y estilo de vida adecuados para mejorar la salud cardiovascular y prevenir múltiples enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: Evaluar cambios en riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) y síndrome metabólico (SM) tras inclusión en un programa nutricional. Material y método: Estudio de intervención, prospectivo de cohorte no aleatorizado y realizado en el centro penitenciario de Huelva, durante un año. Se estudió a 139 pacientes, completándose el estudio en 95 internos. Se recoge información sobre variables antropométricas y variables bioquímicas en sangre de forma trimestral y semestral para valorar el cambio de dieta. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de variables, así como estudio pre-post, utilizando en variables cuantitativas la T de Student y medianas con la prueba de Wilcoxon. Cualitativas con el test de X2. Resultados: Se incluyó en el programa nutricional a 139 pacientes. Se modificó la dieta en el 86,3% de los casos. Mejoró significativamente las variables de peso, IMC, porcentaje de masa grasa, perímetro abdominal y presión arterial diastólica Disminuyó el Disminuye el RCV alto y bajo vs RCV medio según las funciones de Framingham y REGICOR, permaneciendo estable en SCORE. Conclusión: La educación para la salud y una dieta adecuada mejora los parámetros antropométricos y bioquímicos de estos pacientes. Además supone una herramienta más para el equipo sanitario que puede ser extrapolable a otros centros(AU)
Background: Diet and lifestyle are important factors in improving cardiovascular health and preventing chronic diseases. Objectives: Assessment of changes brought about in cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) after inclusion in a nutritional program. Materials and methods: Intervention, nonrandomized prospective cohort study carried out at Huelva prison in a one year period. Information about quarterly and bi-annual anthropometric and blood biochemical variables was obtained to assess changes in diet. A descriptive analysis with LC 95% and pre-post study was also completed, using T-Student quantitative variables and Wilcoxon test averages. Qualitative testing was performed using the Chi-square test. Results: The sample consisted of 139 subjects, 44 patients were lost in the follow-up study and 95 completed the program. Diet modification took place in 86.3% of the cases. We obtained significant improvements in weight, body mass, fat mass, abdominal perimeter and diastolic blood pressure rate index variables (Table 3). We see a reduction in high and low CVR vs. medium CVR according to features of Framingham and REGICOR (without significance), remaining stable in the SCORE model (Table 4). Conclusions: Health education and proper diet improved anthropometric and biochemical parameters in these patients. This may imply a new tool in the health care repertoire that can be applied to other centres(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Prisões/organização & administração , Prisões , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Antropometria/métodos , Prisões/métodos , Planejamento Alimentar/organização & administração , Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos de CoortesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A training strategy designed at Huelva Prison sets out to provide diabetic inmates with training and basic information about the illness. METHOD: Descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out at Huelva Prison. Information was acquired using questionnaires prepared for the study. A descriptive analysis was then made using averages for quantitative variables and absolute and relative frequencies for the quantitative variables. RESULTS: 27 interviewed diabetics (24 men and 3 women), participation rate, 69.2 %, response rate 84.4%, average age 48.3 CI 95% (43.7 to 52.9). 66.7% insulin dependent and 33.3% receiving oral anti-diabetic treatment. Hit rate in questions assessing knowledge was over 80%. CONCLUSIONS: The study derives from the need to increase awareness of inmates' difficulties in adapting standard diets to the nutritional requirements imposed by the illness. Short term results such as these cannot be used to assess changes of attitude, although one notable conclusion that can be drawn is the high level of participation and interest by inmates and the consequent possibility of setting up self-help groups.
RESUMO
Fundamento: La estrategia formativa propuesta en el Centro Penitenciario de Huelva pretende dar a los internos diabéticosformación e información básica sobre su enfermedad.Método: Estudio descriptivo y transversal realizado en el Centro Penitenciario de Huelva. Se recoge información mediantela utilización de cuestionarios diseñados para ello. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo mediante la utilización de mediaspara variables cuantitativas y frecuencias absolutas y relativas para las variables cualitativas.Resultados: 27 diabéticos encuestados (24 hombres y 3 mujeres), tasa de participación de 69,2%, tasa de respuesta 84,4%,edad media 48,3 años I.C. 95% (43,7 a 52,9). El 66,7% insulinodependientes y un 33,3% en tratamiento con antidiabéticosorales. Tasa de acierto en preguntas que valoran conocimientos adquiridos superior al 80%.Conclusiones: Se parte de la necesidad de aumentar los conocimientos ante las dificultades que los internos tienen deadecuar las dietas estándar a los requerimientos nutricionales de su enfermedad. Los resultados a tan corto plazo no posibilitanvalorar el cambio de actitud si bien se destaca la participación e interés de los internos y la posibilidad de establecer gruposde autoayuda(AU)
Background: A training strategy designed at Huelva Prison sets out to provide diabetic inmates with training and basicinformation about the illness.Method: Descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out at Huelva Prison. Information was acquired using questionnairesprepared for the study. A descriptive analysis was then made using averages for quantitative variables and absolute andrelative frequencies for the quantitative variables.Results: 27 interviewed diabetics (24 men and 3 women), participation rate, 69.2 %, response rate 84.4%, average age48.3 CI 95% (43.7 to 52.9). 66.7% insulin dependent and 33.3% receiving oral anti-diabetic treatment. Hit rate in questionsassessing knowledge was over 80%.Conclusions: The study derives from the need to increase awareness of inmates difficulties in adapting standard dietsto the nutritional requirements imposed by the illness. Short term results such as these cannot be used to assess changes ofattitude, although one notable conclusion that can be drawn is the high level of participation and interest by inmates and theconsequent possibility of setting up self-help groups(AU)
